ASIS International (ASIS) Professional Certified Investigator Practice Exam

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What landmark case established that defendants in criminal trials have the right to remain silent?

Miranda v. Arizona
Poe v. Illinois
Kentucky v. King
Gideon v. Wainwright

The correct answer is: Miranda v. Arizona

The case that established the right of defendants in criminal trials to remain silent is Miranda v. Arizona. This landmark decision, delivered by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1966, arose from the interrogation of Ernesto Miranda, who was not informed of his rights before being questioned by police. The Court ruled that the Fifth Amendment protects individuals from self-incrimination, necessitating that law enforcement inform suspects of their rights to silence and legal counsel prior to any custodial interrogation. This case set the precedent for the "Miranda Rights" warning that must be issued to individuals taken into custody, thereby ensuring that defendants can make informed choices about whether to speak during police questioning. This crucial ruling has a profound impact on criminal procedure in the United States, safeguarding the rights of individuals against coercive interrogation tactics.