ASIS International (ASIS) Professional Certified Investigator Practice Exam

Which individual is notable for systematic studies that led to modern fingerprinting?

1. Francis Galton

2. Alec Jeffreys

3. Edward Henry

4. Juan Vucetich

The correct answer is: Francis Galton

Francis Galton is recognized for his extensive and systematic studies on fingerprints, which contributed significantly to the establishment of fingerprinting as a scientific method of identification. Galton’s work, particularly his book "Fingerprints," published in 1892, explored the uniqueness and permanence of fingerprints, as well as their potential use in law enforcement. He formulated a classification system and conducted research that demonstrated how no two fingerprints are alike, laying the groundwork for the development of fingerprinting as a reliable method for identification. Other notable figures, such as Edward Henry, built upon Galton's foundational principles to create more sophisticated classification systems for fingerprints, which are still in use today. Alec Jeffreys is primarily known for DNA fingerprinting rather than the study of fingerprints, while Juan Vucetich made significant contributions to the field of fingerprinting as well, particularly in Latin America. However, Galton's pioneering studies set the stage for the systematic application of fingerprinting techniques in modern investigative practices.